How diabetes affects the eyes
In
diabetes, small vessels can be affected. Small blood vessels are called capillaries and they supply blood to the eyes, kidneys, fingers, and toes. In diabetes, weak spots develop in the walls of the smallest blood vessels. Balloon-like outpouchings called microaneurysms occur which are known as
diabetic retinopathy.
These areas can leak and fluid escapes. As these areas heal, scar tissue forms that cause interruption of circulation. New, smaller blood vessels must form in an attempt to provide blood flow to these areas. However, these new vessels are very fragile and can easily break. When this occurs, blood leaks into the space between the retina and the vitreous (the clear gel that fills the eyeball) and sometimes out into the vitreous itself. When a hemorrhage occurs into the gel, it is like looking through a pool of blood or a spider web. It may eventually clear but the scarring that develops causes some loss of vision.
The immediate need to seek care
If scars develop, they may form fibrous attachment between the retina and the vitreous. If the scars contract, the retina can be torn away from the back surface of the eye which is known as retinal detachment. It is described as being like a torn curtain in the eye, or dark streaks, or a black curtain coming across the eye. If this happens, see an ophthalmologist immediately or go to the emergency room!
Glasses do not help to restore the vision lost in retinopathy. Glasses can only help when the problem is in the lens of the eye, and in retinopathy the problem is with the retina.
A number of studies suggest a link between lutein and decreased risk of eye disease. Certain foods contain antioxidants called carotenoids. One of these carotenoids (lutein) is concentrated in the retina and the lens of the eye.
Therefore, it has been recommended to eat foods rich in carotenoids particularly green leafy vegetables such as collard greens, kale, broccoli, and spinach.
Submitted by
Cindy Guirino, RD/LD, CDE
01/04/07
Provided by The Diet Channel.
The Diet Channel offers a series of articles
on diabetes and diet on their site.
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