Walking vigorously, hiking, climbing stairs, swimming, aerobics, dancing, bicycling,
skating, skiing, tennis, basketball, volleyball, or other sports are just some
examples of physical activity that will work your large muscles, increase your
heart rate, and make you breathe harder - important goals for fitness.
In addition, strength training exercises with hand weights, elastic bands,
or weight machines can help you build muscle. Stretching helps to make you flexible
and prevent soreness after other types of exercise.
Do physical activities you really like. The more fun you have, the more likely
you will do it each day. It can be helpful to exercise with a family member
or friend.
Exercise is very important for people with diabetes to stay healthy, but there
are a few things to watch out for.
You should avoid some kinds of physical activity if you have certain diabetes
complications. Exercise involving heavy weights may be bad for people with blood
pressure, blood vessel, or eye problems. Diabetes-related nerve damage can make
it hard to tell if you’ve injured your feet during exercise, which can lead
to more serious problems. If you do have diabetes complications, your health
care provider can tell you which kinds of physical activity would be best for
you. Fortunately, there are many different ways to get exercise.
Physical activity can lower your blood glucose too much, causing hypoglycemia,
especially in people who take insulin or certain oral medications. Hypoglycemia
can happen at the time you’re exercising, just afterward, or even up to a day
later. You can get shaky, weak, confused, irritable, anxious, hungry, tired,
or sweaty. You can get a headache, or even lose consciousness.
To help prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity, check your blood glucose
before you exercise. If it's below 100, have a small snack. In addition, bring
food or glucose tablets with you when you exercise just in case. It is not good
for people with diabetes to skip meals at all, but especially not prior to exercise.
After you exercise, check to see how it has affected your blood glucose level.
If you take insulin, ask your health care provider if there is a preferable
time of day for you to exercise, or whether you should change your dosage before
physical activity, before beginning an exercise regimen.
On the other hand, you should not exercise when your blood glucose is very
high because your level could go even higher. Do not exercise if your blood
glucose is above 300, or your fasting blood glucose is above 250 and you have
ketones in your urine.
When you exercise, wear cotton socks and athletic shoes that fit well and are
comfortable. After you exercise, check your feet for sores, blisters, irritation,
cuts, or other injuries.
Drink plenty of fluids during physical activity, since your blood glucose can
be affected by dehydration.
For more information, see the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse’s
publication, What
I Need to Know About Physical Activity and Diabetes.
These publications were sources for this document:
Take Charge of Your Diabetes: Controlling Your Diabetes
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/tcyd/control.htm
Diabetes and Me: Be Active
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/consumer/beactive.htm
NCCDPHP Nutrition & Physical Activity Recommendations
http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/recommendations/index.htm
What I Need to Know About Physical Activity and Diabetes
http://www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/physical_ez/index.htm
From the
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC
last reviewed January 18, 2005
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/faq/exercise.htm
